Anti-Thyroid Peroxidase (aTPO)
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Thyroid peroxidase is an enzyime that is required in order for iodine to be added to the protein thyroglobulin, a precursor to the generation of thyroid hormones which are important in the physical growth, brain development and metabolism of the body. If thyroid peroxidase is not produced or blocked by antibodies, hypothyroidism occurs. Symptoms of hypothyroidism include fatigue, weight gain, muscle weakness, increased cholesterol levels, depression and impaired memory.
Thyroid peroxidase is an enzyime that is required in order for iodine to be added to the protein thyroglobulin, a precursor to the generation of thyroid hormones which are important in the physical growth, brain development and metabolism of the body. If thyroid peroxidase is not produced or blocked by antibodies, hypothyroidism occurs. Symptoms of hypothyroidism include fatigue, weight gain, muscle weakness, increased cholesterol levels, depression and impaired memory.
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Purpose of the test
The thyroid peroxidase (TPO) test is designed to detect antibodies against TPO in the blood. TPO is an enzyme found in the thyroid gland and plays a crucial role in the production of thyroid hormones. The presence of these antibodies can indicate an autoimmune disorder affecting the thyroid, such as Hashimoto's disease or Graves' disease.
Who Should Get Tested
Individuals diagnosed with thyroid disease might be recommended to undergo a TPO antibody test to determine the cause. Additionally, pregnant individuals with autoimmune diseases involving the thyroid, like Hashimoto's or Graves' disease, might also be advised to take the test. Some people with TPO antibodies might not have thyroid disease, but the presence of these antibodies can increase the risk of future thyroid disorders.
Blood Test Preparation Guidelines
Time of day
It is recommended to schedule your appointment for blood tests in the morning hours between 7:00-10:00.
Fasting
It is recommended to fast for approximately 12 hours before blood sampling. The last meal of the previous day should ideally be consumed around 6:00 p.m. On the day before the test, avoid heavy and fatty meals as well as alcohol.
Stay hydrated
Drinking water prior to testing can help with sample collection.
Other factors
Tests should not be performed after a sleepless night or intense physical activity. It is recommended to avoid exercise and stress immediately before blood collection and to not smoke. A short rest is recommended.
Medications and supplements:
Blood samples should be collected before the morning dose. Some drugs can interfere with test results. Consult with your doctor whether you can delay your dose because of lab tests.
Biotin supplements:
High doses of biotin supplements can affect test results, causing false elevation or reduction. It's recommended to avoid taking biotin for at least 72 hours before blood collection. If you are taking biotin, inform the personnel collecting the blood so that they can provide specific instructions.
Interpreting Test Results
A positive result, indicating the presence of TPO antibodies, suggests that the cause of thyroid disease is likely an autoimmune disorder. In autoimmune conditions, the immune system produces antibodies that mistakenly target and attack healthy tissue. When these antibodies target the thyroid gland, it can lead to inflammation, potential tenderness, and reduced thyroid function. However, it's important to note that some individuals with TPO antibodies might not have an active thyroid disease.
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