Blood glucose
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Glucose (C6H12O6) is a simple monosaccharide and monomer of carbohydrates. Glucose provides energy for cellular processes and aids metabolism within the body. When food is ingested, the carbohydrates within the food are broken down into glucose molecules. Blood glucose content is significant in determining an individual's overall state of health. An elevated blood glucose level is called hyperglycemia and a deficient blood glucose level is called hypoglycemia. When an individual is hyperglycemic and cannot properly regulate their blood glucose level they are considered diabetic. Type 1 diabetes is caused by the immune system attacking pancreatic beta cells (cells that produce insulin) and Type 2 diabetes is caused by insulin resistance.
Glucose (C6H12O6) is a simple monosaccharide and monomer of carbohydrates. Glucose provides energy for cellular processes and aids metabolism within the body. When food is ingested, the carbohydrates within the food are broken down into glucose molecules. Blood glucose content is significant in determining an individual's overall state of health. An elevated blood glucose level is called hyperglycemia and a deficient blood glucose level is called hypoglycemia. When an individual is hyperglycemic and cannot properly regulate their blood glucose level they are considered diabetic. Type 1 diabetes is caused by the immune system attacking pancreatic beta cells (cells that produce insulin) and Type 2 diabetes is caused by insulin resistance.
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Purpose of the test
A blood glucose test is designed to measure the glucose levels in your blood. Glucose, a type of sugar, serves as the body's primary energy source. The hormone insulin facilitates the movement of glucose from the bloodstream into cells. Abnormal glucose levels can indicate serious medical conditions, with high levels (hyperglycemia) potentially pointing to diabetes or other conditions affecting insulin or glucose levels. Conversely, low levels (hypoglycemia) can be prevalent in individuals with type 1 or type 2 diabetes and can lead to severe health issues if untreated.
Who Should Get Tested
This test is typically recommended for individuals exhibiting symptoms of either high or low glucose levels. Symptoms of high glucose include increased thirst, blurred vision, fatigue, unhealing sores, and unexpected weight loss. Symptoms of low glucose encompass feelings of shakiness, hunger, dizziness, confusion, and headaches. Additionally, those at high risk for type 2 diabetes or pregnant women between the 24th and 28th weeks might be advised to undergo this test.
Blood Test Preparation Guidelines
Time of day
It is recommended to schedule your appointment for blood tests in the morning hours between 7:00-10:00.
Fasting
It is recommended to fast for approximately 12 hours before blood sampling. The last meal of the previous day should ideally be consumed around 6:00 p.m. On the day before the test, avoid heavy and fatty meals as well as alcohol.
Stay hydrated
Drinking water prior to testing can help with sample collection.
Other factors
Tests should not be performed after a sleepless night or intense physical activity. It is recommended to avoid exercise and stress immediately before blood collection and to not smoke. A short rest is recommended.
Medications and supplements:
Blood samples should be collected before the morning dose. Some drugs can interfere with test results. Consult with your doctor whether you can delay your dose because of lab tests.
Biotin supplements:
High doses of biotin supplements can affect test results, causing false elevation or reduction. It's recommended to avoid taking biotin for at least 72 hours before blood collection. If you are taking biotin, inform the personnel collecting the blood so that they can provide specific instructions.
Interpreting Test Results
Results indicating higher than normal glucose levels might suggest diabetes or other conditions like hyperthyroidism or pancreas disorders. If you have diabetes, lower glucose levels might be due to medication side effects, insufficient food intake, or increased physical activity. In non-diabetic individuals, low glucose levels could hint at liver disease, kidney disease, or other glandular issues. It's vital to consult with a healthcare provider for a comprehensive interpretation of the results.
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