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The CD56 test is a vital diagnostic tool used to evaluate the presence and activity of natural killer (NK) cells, key players in the immune system's defense against infections and cancer. This test focuses on the expression of CD56, a marker predominantly found on NK cells, but also present on some T-lymphocytes and dendritic cells. CD56, also known as neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), is crucial for NK cell function, facilitating their adhesion and interaction with other immune cells. NK cells are categorized into CD56bright and CD56dim subsets, each with distinct roles. CD56bright NK cells are primarily involved in cytokine production and are responsive to cytokines like IL-2, while CD56dim NK cells are highly cytotoxic, efficiently mediating antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Clinically, the CD56 test is significant for assessing immune conditions related to pregnancy, autoimmune diseases, and cancer, providing insights into NK cell density and activity, which are crucial for immune response and disease management.

Price of test:£94

The lowest price from the last 30 days: £94

Awaiting result:

One day

Collect material:

Blood

Prepare:

Learn more

Purpose of the test

The CD56 test serves as a diagnostic tool to evaluate natural killer (NK) cells, essential for immune defense against infections and cancer. Key points include:

- CD56 Marker: Primarily found on NK cells, also present on some T-lymphocytes and dendritic cells.
- NK Cell Subsets:
- *CD56bright*: Focused on cytokine production, prevalent in lymphoid organs.
- *CD56dim*: Highly cytotoxic, efficient in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC).
- Clinical Relevance:
- Assesses uterine NK cell density, impacting pregnancy outcomes.
- Monitors autoimmune diseases and cancer risk.
- Testing Methods: Utilizes immunohistochemistry for diagnostic accuracy.

Who Should Get Tested

The CD56 test is essential for individuals with potential immune system issues. It evaluates NK cells, crucial for combating infections and cancer. Key groups who may need testing include:

- Pregnant Women: High uterine NK cell levels can lead to pregnancy complications.
- Cancer Patients: Monitoring NK cell activity aids in assessing immune response.
- Autoimmune Disorders: Helps in understanding disease progression.
- Immunodeficiency Suspects: Low NK levels may indicate conditions like SCID.

This test provides critical insights into immune health and disease management.

Blood Test Preparation Guidelines

Time of day

It is recommended to schedule your appointment for blood tests in the morning hours between 7:00-10:00.

Fasting

It is recommended to fast for approximately 12 hours before blood sampling. The last meal of the previous day should ideally be consumed around 6:00 p.m. On the day before the test, avoid heavy and fatty meals as well as alcohol.

Stay hydrated

Drinking water prior to testing can help with sample collection.

Other factors

Tests should not be performed after a sleepless night or intense physical activity. It is recommended to avoid exercise and stress immediately before blood collection and to not smoke. A short rest is recommended.

Medications and supplements:

Blood samples should be collected before the morning dose. Some drugs can interfere with test results. Consult with your doctor whether you can delay your dose because of lab tests.

Biotin supplements:

High doses of biotin supplements can affect test results, causing false elevation or reduction. It's recommended to avoid taking biotin for at least 72 hours before blood collection. If you are taking biotin, inform the personnel collecting the blood so that they can provide specific instructions.

Interpreting Test Results

Understanding test results for the CD56 test is crucial for interpreting immune system health. Here's a brief guide:

- CD56 Expression: Indicates NK cell presence and activity.
- NK Cell Subsets:
- *CD56bright*: High cytokine production, low cytotoxicity.
- *CD56dim*: High cytotoxicity, efficient in ADCC.
- Clinical Implications:
- High uterine NK cells may affect pregnancy.
- Low CD56+ NK cells suggest immunodeficiency or cancer risk.
- Testing Methods: Blood or uterine tissue sampling, often using immunohistochemistry.

Understanding these results aids in managing conditions like autoimmune diseases and cancer.

Price of test:£94

The lowest price from the last 30 days: £94

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