Immunoglobulin M ( IgM) is a glycoprotein that consists of five disulfide-linked structural units (a pentamer) held together by a J chain. On the surface of B lymphocytes, however, IgM is found as a monomer and does not express the J chain. IgM is the first immunoglubulin to be made by a fetus and during an immune response, it is the first immunoglobulin to be detected followed by IgG. IgM is the primary antibody against A and B antigens on red blood cells.
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Immunoglobulin M ( IgM) is a glycoprotein that consists of five disulfide-linked structural units (a pentamer) held together by a J chain. On the surface of B lymphocytes, however, IgM is found as a monomer and does not express the J chain. IgM is the first immunoglubulin to be made by a fetus and during an immune response, it is the first immunoglobulin to be detected followed by IgG. IgM is the primary antibody against A and B antigens on red blood cells.
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Awaiting result:
One day
Collect material:
Blood
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Purpose of the test
The Immunoglobulin IgM blood test measures the amount of IgM antibodies in the blood. IgM antibodies are the first immunoglobulins the body produces in response to an exposure to pathogens. They offer short-term protection while the body produces other antibodies. These antibodies are present in the blood and lymph fluid and play a crucial role in the body's immune response against infections.
Who Should Get Tested
Individuals who frequently suffer from infections or exhibit symptoms of immunodeficiency might require this test. Symptoms indicative of low IgM levels include recurrent sinus, throat, and ear infections, respiratory infections like pneumonia and bronchitis, and infections from pathogens that don't typically affect healthy individuals. Additionally, if there's a family history of immunodeficiency or if a healthcare provider suspects an issue with immunoglobulin production, this test might be recommended.
Blood Test Preparation Guidelines
Time of day
It is recommended to schedule your appointment for blood tests in the morning hours between 7:00-10:00.
Fasting
It is recommended to fast for approximately 12 hours before blood sampling. The last meal of the previous day should ideally be consumed around 6:00 p.m. On the day before the test, avoid heavy and fatty meals as well as alcohol.
Stay hydrated
Drinking water prior to testing can help with sample collection.
Other factors
Tests should not be performed after a sleepless night or intense physical activity. It is recommended to avoid exercise and stress immediately before blood collection and to not smoke. A short rest is recommended.
Medications and supplements:
Blood samples should be collected before the morning dose. Some drugs can interfere with test results. Consult with your doctor whether you can delay your dose because of lab tests.
Biotin supplements:
High doses of biotin supplements can affect test results, causing false elevation or reduction. It's recommended to avoid taking biotin for at least 72 hours before blood collection. If you are taking biotin, inform the personnel collecting the blood so that they can provide specific instructions.
Interpreting Test Results
The results of the IgM test are compared with standard levels of IgM, IgG, and IgA. Abnormal levels can indicate various conditions, including autoimmune disorders, chronic infections, or certain types of cancer. Low levels of IgM might be due to conditions that reduce protein in the body, complications from diseases like diabetes, or genetic disorders. On the other hand, high levels might indicate autoimmune diseases, chronic infections, or certain cancers. It's essential to consult with a healthcare provider for a comprehensive understanding of the results, as the test alone cannot diagnose conditions.
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Language Model and Trusted Sources
At the core of Diagu's AI system is an advanced language model, engineered to transform complex medical data into clear, comprehensible, and informative descriptions. This model is adept at articulating detailed test analyses in a way that is accessible to both healthcare professionals and patients. The model's development involved the meticulous processing of high-quality sources, including reputable medical websites, renowned medical textbooks, and peer-reviewed research papers. This ensures that the language used in test descriptions is not only accurate and informative but also up-to-date with the latest medical findings and trends. By leveraging this rich tapestry of trusted sources, our AI system provides a deeper understanding of each test, fostering informed decision-making and enhanced patient care.
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