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  4. Bilirubin Blood Test: What You Need to Know

Bilirubin Blood Test: What You Need to Know

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A bilirubin blood test measures the level of bilirubin, a yellow pigment produced during the breakdown of red blood cells. This test helps assess liver function, as bilirubin is processed and removed by the liver. Elevated bilirubin levels may indicate liver or bile duct problems, such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, or gallstones. Normal bilirubin levels are typically below 1.2 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL). Higher levels can lead to jaundice, causing yellowing of the skin and eyes. Monitoring bilirubin levels is essential for detecting liver dysfunction and preventing complications.

  • What is Bilirubin?
    Bilirubin is a yellow compound created when the body breaks down old or damaged red blood cells. After bilirubin is produced, it travels to the liver, where it is processed and excreted from the body through bile and urine.
  • Why is a Bilirubin Blood Test Important?
    A bilirubin blood test is a key indicator of liver function. The liver’s job is to filter and remove bilirubin from the bloodstream. If the liver is not working properly, bilirubin levels in the blood may rise, leading to jaundice, a condition where the skin and eyes become yellow. This test helps diagnose and monitor liver diseases and conditions affecting the bile ducts.
  • Normal and Elevated Levels:
    • Normal: Total bilirubin levels are typically under 1.2 mg/dL.
    • Elevated Levels: When bilirubin levels are higher than normal, it can indicate liver or bile duct issues, such as:
      • Hepatitis: Inflammation of the liver that affects bilirubin processing.
      • Cirrhosis: Scarring of the liver tissue that impairs function.
      • Gallstones: Blockages in the bile ducts can prevent bilirubin from being eliminated.
  • What Do Elevated Bilirubin Levels Mean?
    High bilirubin levels can be a sign of liver disease, bile duct obstruction, or other underlying health issues. Jaundice is the most noticeable symptom, but other symptoms may include dark urine, pale stools, and fatigue.
  • Why Regular Testing Matters:
    Regular bilirubin testing is crucial for people at risk of liver disease or those experiencing symptoms of jaundice. It helps detect liver dysfunction early, allowing for timely intervention.

Recommended Tests:

  1. Total Bilirubin Test – Measures the total amount of bilirubin in your blood to assess liver function.
  2. Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) Test – A liver enzyme test that complements bilirubin testing to evaluate liver health.

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