Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) plays a critical role in managing the thyroid gland’s production of hormones, specifically thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). These hormones regulate metabolism, energy levels, and overall body function.
- High TSH Levels:
- High TSH indicates hypothyroidism, where the thyroid is underactive. This causes the pituitary gland to release more TSH in an attempt to stimulate hormone production. Symptoms of hypothyroidism include fatigue, weight gain, dry skin, and depression.
- Treatment: Hypothyroidism is often treated with synthetic thyroid hormones, such as levothyroxine, to restore normal hormone levels.
- Low TSH Levels:
- Low TSH levels point to hyperthyroidism, a condition where the thyroid gland is overactive and producing too much hormone. This leads to the pituitary gland releasing less TSH. Symptoms of hyperthyroidism include anxiety, weight loss, heat intolerance, and increased heart rate.
- Treatment: Hyperthyroidism can be treated with medications like antithyroid drugs, radioactive iodine, or in some cases, surgery to remove part of the thyroid.
- Interpreting Results:
- TSH results are typically evaluated along with free T4 and sometimes T3 levels to give a full picture of thyroid function. Elevated or suppressed TSH levels, combined with abnormal T4 or T3 levels, help confirm the diagnosis and guide treatment.
Regular TSH testing is essential for individuals with thyroid disorders to monitor treatment effectiveness and maintain balanced hormone levels.
Recommended Tests:
- Free Thyroxine (T4) Test: Measures the amount of free T4, helping confirm thyroid function and the type of thyroid disorder. Free Thyroxine Test
- Total Triiodothyronine (T3) Test: Assesses the amount of T3, which may be elevated in hyperthyroidism, even if TSH and T4 levels are normal. Total Triiodothyronine Test
